Table 1: Characteristics of Included Studies of Measles in HIV-infected Children

Reference	Dates and Location	Study Type	HIV and measles patients	Evidence Level[i]	Study Population	Diagnostic Method	Comment
Moss WJ et al 2002 [ii]	1998-2000 Zambia	Comparative Prospective Case Control	93	1b	All children hospitalized with a clinical diagnosis of measles in one hospital over a 33 month period. HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, and confirmed and unconfirmed measles cases compared	Clinical diagnosis (case definition not given) followed by serological testing for virus specific IgM.	Individual case symptoms and characteristics not published. 93 HIV-infected and 453 HIV-uninfected children with confirmed measles.
Palumbo P et al 1992 [iii]	1990-1991 USA	Retrospective	6	2b	All HIV-infected children with measles from hospital discharge and outpatient records over a two year period	Serological by measles specific IgM, epidemiological or post-mortem	Unclear how many different hospitals were included in the record search
Krasinski K et al 1989 [iv]	2 year period USA	Cohort	4	3b	All HIV-infected children hospitalized with measles in one hospital over a two year period	Serological by 4x increase in measles haemagglutination inhibition antibody and measles specific IgM or post-mortem	One case excluded as indeterminant HIV status. One case excluded as unclear method of diagnosis
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1988 [v]	1986-1987 USA	Epidemiology Report	6	3b	All cases of measles in HIV-infected patients in the USA in one year as reported to the CDC.	Serological, epidemiological or post-mortem histopathological analysis	3 cases also reported by Krasinski et al. Additional information for one case found from a case report of the same patient.[vi]
de Carvalho V et al 2003 [vii]	1997-1998 Brazil	Prospective Cohort	5	3b	Prospective study of 40 children with HIV over 11 months	Serological (presence of IgM antibody) or epidemiological confirmation
Kaplan LJ et al. 1992 [viii]	1989-1990 USA	Cohort	2	3b	All immunocompromised children hospitalized with a clinical diagnosis of measles within 2 hospitals	Serological confirmation for 4x rise in IgG or presence of IgM antibody	Also one case of measles in an HIV-infected adult reported.

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[i] Phillips B, Ball C, Sackett D, Badenoch D, Straus S, Haynes B, Dawes M Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence http://www.cebm.net/?o=1023

[ii] Moss WJ. Monze M. Ryon JJ. Quinn TC. Griffin DE. Cutts F. Prospective study of measles in hospitalized, human immunodefidency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected children in Zambia. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 35(2):189-196 2002

[iii] Palumbo P, Hoyt L, Demasio K, Oleske J, Connor E. Population-based study of measles and measles immunization in HIV infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992; 11:1008 14.

[iv] Krasinski K, Borkowsky W. Measles and measles immunity in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. JAMA 1989 261:2512 6.

[v] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles in HIV-infected children, United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1988; 37:183 6.

[vi] Markowitz LE, Chandler FW, Roldan EO, Saldana MJ, Roach KC, Hutchins SS, Preblud SR, Mitchell CD, Scott GB. Fatal measles pneumonia without rash in a child with AIDS. J Infect Dis. 1988 58(2):480-3.

[vii] de Carvalho V, Marinoni LP, Martins LF, Taniguchi1 K, da Cruz CR, Bertogna1 J, Neto JF Measles in Children With HIV Infection: Report of Five Cases Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases 2003 7(5) 346-352

[viii] Kaplan LJ. Daum RS. Smaron M. McCarthy CA. Severe measles in immunocompromised patients. JAMA. 267(9):1237-41, 1992 Mar 4.